Its simple
Code 1 Danger present
Code 2 Potentially dangerous
Code 3 Improvement recommended
We use the latest edition of BS 7671 to help us to produce a report on the condition of the installation. You need to understand the principles to produce that report, unfortunately many dont.
As for RCD protection for sockets where equipment may be used outside, well the old Code 2 could be a satisfactory or unsatisfactory hence the confusion, in my opinion a unsatisfactory code 2.
In my opinion it's a new Code 2.
It could be argued that in previous editions of the regulations there wasn't the abundance of electrical equipment for outside use, previous editions have acknowledged areas of increased risk and have implemented measures to reduce that risk.
Outside is a increased risk, how would you code a bathroom with no supplementary bonding in place to limit the touch voltage?
The risk is there, if someone dies and your report states a code 3, how do you think you will stand in court, based on the amount of equipment used outdoors now, i don't see previous editions saving your bacon, its potentially dangerous, report it to be the case.